After annealing and cooling of tin bronze copper parts, an average thin transparent film that does not peel off can be formed on the metal surface, so that copper and copper alloys have good anti-discoloration and anti-oxidation capabilities. Averaging annealing is to make the elements in the alloy diffuse in a solid state to reduce the unevenness of chemical composition, mainly to reduce the unevenness of chemical composition within the grain standard. The reason why the average annealing temperature is so high is to speed up the diffusion of alloying elements and shorten the holding time as much as possible.
One of the most important process parameters for annealing is the maximum heating temperature. The choice of annealing heating temperature for most alloys is based on the phase diagram of the alloy system. The average annealing temperature for non{{0}}ferrous alloy ingots is generally "0.95solidus temperature (K)". The average annealing has high heating temperature and long holding time, so the thermal energy consumption is large. The annealing temperature of various non-ferrous alloys is a certain temperature below the solidus temperature of each alloy, above or below the solidus temperature.
The average annealing temperature of the copper sleeve is much higher than that of Ac3, usually 1050-1200 degree . The ingot or casting is heated to a higher temperature below the solidus temperature of each alloy, kept for a long time, and then slowly cooled down. An annealing method applied to ingots or castings of tin bronze, silicon bronze, and aluminum bronze.
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